[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.cernaliska.cz\/2018\/05\/02\/financni-trh-a-cenne-papiry-penezniho-trhu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.cernaliska.cz\/2018\/05\/02\/financni-trh-a-cenne-papiry-penezniho-trhu\/","headline":"Finan\u010dn\u00ed trh a cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho trhu","name":"Finan\u010dn\u00ed trh a cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho trhu","description":"Finan\u010dn\u00ed trh Finan\u010dn\u00ed trh je m\u00edsto, kde se setk\u00e1v\u00e1 nab\u00eddka pen\u011bz s\u00a0popt\u00e1vkou po pen\u011bz\u00edch, doch\u00e1z\u00ed zde k soust\u0159e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f mezi podniky, obyvatelstvem a st\u00e1tem. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed z\u00a0\u010dasov\u00e9ho hlediska pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed P\u0159edm\u011btem obchodu jsou kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed prost\u0159edky se splatnost\u00ed do jednoho roku. kapit\u00e1lov\u00fd P\u0159edm\u011btem ochodu jsou st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 a dlouhodob\u00e9 pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed prost\u0159edky se splatnost\u00ed nad […]","datePublished":"2018-05-02","dateModified":"2018-05-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.cernaliska.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.cernaliska.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c85ed962cb1c3e1e680178ad084e2102c88284f87c8033477621334d3d050a6d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c85ed962cb1c3e1e680178ad084e2102c88284f87c8033477621334d3d050a6d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"cernaliska.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.cernaliska.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a319479_w1778_t1530517191.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.cernaliska.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a319479_w1778_t1530517191.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.cernaliska.cz\/2018\/05\/02\/financni-trh-a-cenne-papiry-penezniho-trhu\/","wordCount":415,"articleBody":"\tFinan\u010dn\u00ed trh\tFinan\u010dn\u00ed trh je m\u00edsto, kde se setk\u00e1v\u00e1 nab\u00eddka pen\u011bz s\u00a0popt\u00e1vkou po pen\u011bz\u00edch, doch\u00e1z\u00ed zde k soust\u0159e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f mezi podniky, obyvatelstvem a st\u00e1tem.\tRozd\u011blen\u00ed z\u00a0\u010dasov\u00e9ho hlediska\tpen\u011b\u017en\u00ed\tP\u0159edm\u011btem obchodu jsou kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed prost\u0159edky se splatnost\u00ed do jednoho roku.\tkapit\u00e1lov\u00fd\tP\u0159edm\u011btem ochodu jsou st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 a dlouhodob\u00e9 pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed prost\u0159edky se splatnost\u00ed nad jeden rok.\t\u00a0\tSmlouva o finan\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b\tFinan\u010dn\u00ed instituce (nap\u0159. banka, stavebn\u00ed spo\u0159itelna) uzav\u00edraj\u00ed s\u00a0klienty smlouvu. Podm\u00ednky pro uzav\u0159en\u00ed smluv se spot\u0159ebiteli jsou v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nebo\u0165 se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee nem\u00e1 dostatek odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed. Tyto podm\u00ednky maj\u00ed tedy spot\u0159ebitele chr\u00e1nit.\t\u00a0\tCenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho trhu\t\u0160eky\tCenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9, dlu\u017enick\u00e9ho charakteru, majiteli nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed \u00farok, jsou splatn\u00e9 prakticky ihned, obsahuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz v\u00fdstavce \u0161eku bance, aby uhradila \u010d\u00e1stku p\u0159\u00edjemci, v\u00fdstavce mus\u00ed m\u00edt zalo\u017een\u00fd \u00fa\u010det v\u00a0bance, kter\u00e1 vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161ekovou kn\u00ed\u017eku\t\u00a0\tCestovn\u00ed \u0161eky\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 upraveno obchodn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u00edkem, vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed je sv\u011btov\u00e9 organizace cestovn\u00edho ruchu, klient\u016fm je prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed banky p\u0159ed cestou do zahrani\u010d\u00ed, syst\u00e9m 2 podpis\u016f\t\u00a0\tSm\u011bnky \tKr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 CP dlu\u017enick\u00e9ho charakteru, sm\u011bnka majiteli p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00farok. Sm\u011bnka vyjad\u0159uje odlo\u017eenou platbu, kdy dodavatel \u00fav\u011bruje odb\u011bratele. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm platebn\u00edm a \u00fav\u011brov\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem.\t\u00a0\tdruhy podle \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed:\ta)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sm\u011bnka k\u00a0inkasu \u2013 pohled\u00e1vka pro v\u011b\u0159itele\tb)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sm\u011bnka k\u00a0\u00fahrad\u011b \u2013 z\u00e1vazek pro dlu\u017en\u00edka\t\u00a0\t\u00a0\tSm\u011bne\u010dn\u00e9 operace \u010cNB\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 reeskont = odkup ji\u017e jednou eskontovan\u00e9 sm\u011bnky, \u010cNB odkupuje od banky na dobu ur\u010ditou\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 eskont exportn\u00edch sm\u011bnek = proexportn\u00ed politika st\u00e1tu, \u010cNB odkupuje sm\u011bnky od tuzemsk\u00fdch v\u00fdvozc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed pohled\u00e1vku v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed, t\u00edm je \u00fav\u011bruje\tPokladni\u010dn\u00ed pouk\u00e1zky \tJsou to kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry dlu\u017enick\u00e9ho charakteru. Jsou zaji\u0161t\u011bny st\u00e1tem. Emitentem je \u010cesk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banka, d\u016fvodem emise je kryt\u00ed deficitu st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu. Pokladni\u010dn\u00ed pouk\u00e1zky nejsou voln\u011b obchodovateln\u00e9 na burze, nejsou ur\u010deny pro \u0161irok\u00e9 vrstvy z\u00e1jemc\u016f, nakupuj\u00ed je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm banky a investi\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                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